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"Medial prehension" in "Positiographical Cinemanalysis" by A Hernesniemi

Hernesniemi, A. Presentation of Bonesetter-Patient Collaboration through  Positiographical Cinemanalysis.  Acta Universitatis Ouluensis. Series D Medica 538. Oulu University Press. 1999.

Co-operation work of bonesetters, folk therapists of pain and other muscular and joint ailments, with their patients, has usually been presented by means of the photographs and drawings, and the documentary film, and with the terminology specific to manual medicine. The objective of this study was to present an 8 mm documentary film, recorded at a bonesetter-patient collaboration, through a modified application of cinemanalysis, presented by Arnold Gesell in 1935, by developing concepts and a method to study movie film with free-hand drawing.
Collaboration was recorded on an 8 mm movie film in Finland in 1981. The author examined the 7173 frames of the five-minute film through an editor viewer and drew 80 sketches on an opaque paper of the bonesetter/patient in such positions of the collaboration, which seemed relevant. Of these, 47 sketches were prepared to pictures and were provided with a textual anatomical description.
In most of the pictures, the exact position of the hands of the bonesetter on the patient’s body could be observed. The patient sat on a chair in front of the standing or sitting bonesetter. The patient held his arm abducted for a period and made a few forward flexing-extending movements of his body. The bonesetter worked on four topographical areas on the patient’s body in nine successive stages. Pictures were classified according to hand-contact positions: 1; bonesetter without hand contact with patient, 2; bonesetter in hand contact with unmoving patient, 3; bonesetter in hand contact with moving patient.
Position 1 pictures present how the bonesetter performed observations (inspections) of the patient. Position 2 pictures present how she performed touchings (palpations) with the fingers of one or both hands on the regions of the arm and shoulder, back, and head and neck. She used her hands in touchings (palpations) in vertical pronated, transversal or vertical supinated position. The bonesetter touched the patient with a combination of various fingers, using apical, apical-palmar or palmar parts of the fingers. She performed ”pushing”, ”gliding”, ”kneading” and ”walking” touchings (palpations). Position 3 pictures present how the bonesetter performed turning and lifting body movements on the patient’s shoulder, central compressions on the back regions, shoulder and back leverings and head and neck lateral bending movements. The bonesetter visualised her therapy with teaching hand positions. The topography and positions of the collaboration were presented in a diagram. The contact positions were explained with anatomical terms.
The method illustrated bonesetter and patient positions during manoeuvres, which had not been previously published in literature and with a greater accuracy. This method could be applied to investigate the cooperative efforts of other hand operators and patients.

Keywords: observation/inspection, touching/palpation, movement, drawing.

                                                               Copyright A. Hernesniemi




In this drawing G from my thesis - in a series of near fifty drawings - I have presented  bonesetter Ina Känsälä's (born Nygren) right hand fingers on the neck of the patient.  The original 8 mm movie film, source for my drawings, was recorded while she was giving a treatment to a patient with a neck and back problems in Ostrobothnia in 1981. 



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